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11.
In this article, we consider the concurrent open shop scheduling problem to minimize the total weighted completion time. When the number of machines is arbitrary, the problem has been shown to be inapproximable within a factor of 4/3 ‐ ε for any ε > 0 if the unique games conjecture is true in the literature. We propose a polynomial time approximation scheme for the problem under the restriction that the number of machines is fixed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011 相似文献
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The sequential order statistics (SOS) are a good way to model the lifetimes of the components in a system when the failure of a component at time t affects the performance of the working components at this age t. In this article, we study properties of the lifetimes of the coherent systems obtained using SOS. Specifically, we obtain a mixture representation based on the signature of the system. This representation is used to obtain stochastic comparisons. To get these comparisons, we obtain some ordering properties for the SOS, which in this context represent the lifetimes of k‐out‐of‐n systems. In particular, we show that they are not necessarily hazard rate ordered. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011 相似文献
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We study a component inventory planning problem in an assemble‐to‐order environment faced by many contract manufacturers in which both quick delivery and efficient management of component inventory are crucial for the manufacturers to achieve profitability in a highly competitive market. Extending a recent study in a similar problem setting by the same authors, we analyze an optimization model for determining the optimal component stocking decision for a contract manufacturer facing an uncertain future demand, where product price depends on the delivery times. In contrast to our earlier work, this paper considers the situation where the contract manufacturer needs to deliver the full order quantity in one single shipment. This delivery requirement is appropriate for many industries, such as the garment and toy industries, where the economies of scale in transportation is essential. We develop efficient solution procedures for solving this optimization problem. We use our model results to illustrate how the different model parameters affect the optimal solution. We also compare the results under this full‐shipment model with those from our earlier work that allows for multiple partial shipments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007 相似文献
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仔细研究了PbTiO3电场感应铁电相的晶体结构。在初始反铁电相中,各离子位移方向与极轴垂直,但在外电场感应下,Pb离子沿极轴方向有相同方向0.17的位移,从而使晶体呈现铁电相特征,发生反铁电-铁电相变。此铁电相称之为电场感应铁(EFI)电相。通过结构对称性分析,确定EFI铁电相的对称性是C2mm(C2v),用极矢量Ps作为序参量来描述相变时对称性的变化是合适的。 相似文献
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James Worrall 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2017,28(4-5):709-733
AbstractThe concept of order is often neglected in the study of conflict – seemingly such a ‘disordering’ process. With the recent increase in the examination of rebel governance however, bringing order back into our understanding of rebel and insurgent groups has much to offer in exploring the everyday politics which connect authorities, rebel movements and the population itself, in a complex mass of intersubjective and power-based interactions and negotiations. Rebels both shape and are shaped by existing forms of order in complex and ongoing ways. This article explores how varying elements interact in the negotiation, framing and enforcement of order and develops an original analytical framework to examine the perpetual negotiations of rebel movements in their attempts to cement their control. 相似文献
16.
Isabelle Duyvesteyn 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》2017,28(4-5):669-685
AbstractThis introduction to the double special issue on the theme of rebels and legitimacy aims to set out the parameters for the discussion. It looks at legitimacy as a concept and at legitimation as a process. To date most of the literature on legitimacy has focused on the state. However, rebel groups such as insurgents, terrorists, warlords and guerrillas have all had claims, and continue to claim, legitimacy as well. How and when are these rebels seen as legitimate actors? Existing suggestions of rebel legitimacy focus heavily on state models of social order and the social contract. This first contribution discusses how to conceptualize legitimacy and how to make it operational. A two-pronged approach, borrowing heavily from Max Weber, is proposed. Legitimacy is investigated based on beliefs and belief systems about what is considered legitimate. This is combined with practices whereby legitimacy is enacted, copied and emulated by the population the rebels claim to represent. 相似文献
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为了弥补传统光纤环本征频率测量方法中方波调制存在死区的缺陷,提出正弦波调制的本征频率测量方法。对正弦波调制下的光纤陀螺输出信号进行分析,得到二次谐波幅度与调制频率间的二次函数关系,通过计算抛物线顶点即可求得本征频率。依据该原理对已有的光纤陀螺进行升级改造,研制了一套本征频率测量系统。试验结果表明:该方法可达到1×10-5的测量精度,是一种成本低、精度高的光纤环本征频率测量方法。 相似文献
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We consider the problem of scheduling a set of n jobs on a single batch machine, where several jobs can be processed simultaneously. Each job j has a processing time pj and a size sj. All jobs are available for processing at time 0. The batch machine has a capacity D. Several jobs can be batched together and processed simultaneously, provided that the total size of the jobs in the batch does not exceed D. The processing time of a batch is the largest processing time among all jobs in the batch. There is a single vehicle available for delivery of the finished products to the customer, and the vehicle has capacity K. We assume that K = rD, where and r is an integer. The travel time of the vehicle is T; that is, T is the time from the manufacturer to the customer. Our goal is to find a schedule of the jobs and a delivery plan so that the service span is minimized, where the service span is the time that the last job is delivered to the customer. We show that if the jobs have identical sizes, then we can find a schedule and delivery plan in time such that the service span is minimum. If the jobs have identical processing times, then we can find a schedule and delivery plan in time such that the service span is asymptotically at most 11/9 times the optimal service span. When the jobs have arbitrary processing times and arbitrary sizes, then we can find a schedule and delivery plan in time such that the service span is asymptotically at most twice the optimal service span. We also derive upper bounds of the absolute worst‐case ratios in both cases. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 470–482, 2015 相似文献
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